The first generation of mobile networks was rolled out in the 1980s. It was still an analog network – although it used digital signaling to connect to radio towers, the “telephone” part was still the ‘traditional’ one used for wired networks for years. The second-generation network (2G or GSM) switched from analog to digital, introduced features like mobile data and SMS. The third generation added superior voice quality and data transfer, adding video calls, mobile internet, and streaming to the mix. After 3.5G, an interim step, 4G was rolled out, improving on mobile broadband, making high-definition streaming, mobile TV, video conferencing, and such possible. Today, many of us use 4.5G networks, the interim step before the coming fifth generation of mobile networks. After extensive testing last year, we can now get ready for 5G networks being rolled out across the world. But why will these be better and how can they improve our (digital) life?
Things to know about 5G
First and foremost, 5G networks will make mobile data transfer much faster for a much larger number of users simultaneously – up to tens of thousands of users will be able to connect to the same cell tower and have tens of Mb/s of transfer or tens of users will be able to achieve data transfers of 1Gb/s. At the same time, the latency of the connections will be significantly reduced. Overall, we can expect up to 50% faster mobile internet speeds as soon as 5G is rolled out, and up to 20 times faster speeds as soon as the new network using millimeter waves is built – we can expect this to happen as early as 2020 in many areas.
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Phones and beyond
Qualcomm, Huawei, and Intel are currently leading the development of 5G modems, while Nokia, Ericsson, ZTE, Cisco, and Samsung are ahead of their competitors when it comes to deploying 5G infrastructure. Qualcomm announced its first 5G modem in 2016, and several other manufacturers followed suit. In most cases, the products themselves will be rolled out in 2019, so we can expect them to show up in the smartphones released by the end of this year. Initially, these will connect to the existing 4G networks, improving transfer speeds due to the more efficient use of their resources. Starting next year, the first dedicated 5G networks will start to appear.
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The useful nature of rapid communication offered by this new network will become obvious once self-driving vehicles will start to appear on the roads: they rely on a very fast communication with servers to find their way in the streets, which makes quick mobile networks essential for their spread.
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